MULTIHIERARCHICAL DOCUMENTS AND FINE-GRAINED ACCESS CONTROL

This work presents new models and algorithms for creating, modifying, and controlling access to complex text. The digitization of texts opens new opportunities for preservation, access, and analysis, but at the same time raises questions regarding how to represent and collaboratively edit such texts. Two issues of particular interest are modelling the relationships of markup (annotations) in complex texts, and controlling the creation and modification of those texts. This work addresses and connects these issues, with emphasis on data modelling, algorithms, and computational complexity; and contributes new results in these areas of research. Although hierarchical models of text and markup are common, complex texts often exhibit layers of overlapping structure that are best described by multihierarchical markup. We develop a new model of multihierarchical markup, the globally ordered GODDAG, that combines features of both graph- and range-based models of markup, allowing documents to be unambiguously serialized. We describe extensions to the XPath query language to support globally ordered GODDAGs, provide semantics for a set of update operations on this structure, and provide algorithms for converting between two different representations of the globally ordered GODDAG. Managing the collaborative editing of documents can require restricting the types of changes different editors may make, while not altogether restricting their access to the document. Fine-grained access control allows precisely these kinds of restrictions on the operations that a user is or is not permitted to perform on a document. We describe a rule-based model of fine-grained access control for updates of hierarchical documents, and in this context analyze the document generation problem: determining whether a document could have been created without violating a particular access control policy. We show that this problem is undecidable in the general case and provide computational complexity bounds for a number of restricted variants of the problem. Finally, we extend our fine-grained access control model from hierarchical to multihierarchical documents. We provide semantics for fine-grained access control policies that control splice-in, splice-out, and rename operations on globally ordered GODDAGs, and show that the multihierarchical version of the document generation problem remains undecidable

Recent Studies in the Pre-Excitation Syndrome

The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome has held an unusual fascination for cardiologists ever since its original description in 1930. Over 60 different theories have been postulated to describe the mechanism of pre-excitation. The recent development of epicardial mapping techniques to define the sequence of ventricular activation, and the introduction of His bundle electrocardiography have provided valuable procedures for studying pre-excitation. This presentation will discuss some of the insights into the mechanism of pre-excitation that have been derived from these two electrophysiological procedures

Electrophysiology of Concealed Conduction

Several figures are presented here to demonstrate the different mechanisms of concealed conduction in which microelectrodes were used to record from the A-V node and His-Purkinje system together with simultaneously recorded atrial and ventricular electrograms. Of course, in a standard ECG, one would not be able to determine what was occurring within the specialized A-V conduction system, since only the information provided by the atrial and ventricular electrograms (P wave and QRS complex) would be available for interpretation

Growing intimate privatepublics: Everyday utopia in the naturecultures of a young lesbian and bisexual women’s allotment

The Young Women’s Group in Manchester is a ‘young women’s peer health project, run by and for young lesbian and bisexual women’, which runs an allotment as one of its activities. At a time when interest in allotments and gardening appears to be on the increase, the existence of yet another community allotment may seem unremarkable. Yet we suggest that this queer allotment poses challenges for conventional theorisations of allotments, as well as for understandings of public and private. In this article we explore how the allotment project might be understood to be intensely engaged in ‘growing intimate publics’, or what we term ‘privatepublics’. These are paradoxical intimacies, privatepublic spaces which are not necessarily made possible in the usual private sphere of domestic homes. Here we focus on the work involved in materialising the allotment, which we understand as a queer privatepublic ‘natureculture’ (Haraway, 2008) which appears as an ‘everyday utopia’ (Cooper, 2014)

Microelectrode and His Bundle Studies on Type I and II Second Degree A-V Block

Mobitz classified second degree A-V block into two categories. Mobitz type I, or Wenckebach block, is characterized by a gradual prolongation of the P-R interval preceding the dropped ventricular beat. In Mobitz type II block, the dropped beat occurs without preceding prolongation of the P-R interval. Bundle branch block usually is present in patients with Mobitz type II block. The importance of distinguishing between these two types of A-V block lies in the usual irreversibility and higher mortality of patients with type II A-V block, as contrasted with type I or Wenckebach block. Also, Mobitz type II block frequently progresses to complete A-V block and Adams-Stokes attacks, thus necessitating a cardiac pacemaker

The Reflective Practitioner: The challenges of supporting Public Sector Senior Leaders as they engage in reflective practice

This paper explores the challenges, issues and benefits of reflective practice faced by work-based practitioners undertaking negotiated experiential learning. The study focuses upon the case of a ground-breaking UK based Senior Leader Master’s Degree Apprenticeship (SLMDA) programme which requires learners to develop and apply reflective practice skills through comprehensive work-based learning and research activities. Degree apprenticeships represent a significant opportunity for providers and employers to become more closely aligned in the joint development and promotion of innovative learning opportunities, yet the efficacy of individually negotiated, experiential learning and reflective practice for senior leaders within a challenging healthcare environment remains relatively unexplored from a tripartite perspective. This paper investigates the role of reflective practice within a leading degree apprenticeship programme which embraces this pedagogic approach and considers the potential barriers and benefits for learners and their organisations. The paper begins by discussing the nature of reflective practice in the workplace and explores the growing importance of this activity in contemporary organisations. Theoretical and conceptual foundations relating to experiential learning and reflective practice are analysed and discussed. The SLMDA programme and NHS case organisation are described in detail. Qualitative data drawn from semi-structured interviews undertaken with learners, employers and Personal Academic Tutors (PATs) is then analysed to identify the key issues and challenges encountered. The study identifies the benefits of reflective practice, explores the challenges and issues that act as barriers to reflective practice and highlights the importance of the role of the Personal Academic Tutor (PAT) and that of employers in supporting and developing reflective practice in one of the first SLMDA programmes to launch within the UK. Although reflective practice and work-based research have attracted considerable scholarly activity, investigations have overwhelmingly been focused upon professions such as teaching and nursing and have explored challenges and issues from the perspective of the provider. This study explores reflective practice from the viewpoint of learners, employers and PATs and thereby seeks to compliment and expand current understanding by developing a more holistic approach. This work will inform future programme design, practitioner skills development and employer support procedures as learners plan and prepare to facilitate work- based research projects within their organisations

Retaining talent through job enrichment

© [2023, Emerald Publishing Limited]. This AAM is provided for your own personal use only. It may not be used for resale, reprinting, systematic distribution, emailing, or for any other commercial purpose without the permission of the publisher.Global talent shortages, new skill demand and rising numbers of unfilled posts are fuelling an increasingly challenging job market, exacerbated by economic uncertainty and transformational digital change. Seeking creative solutions in response, the authors examine talent management’s (TM) theoretical and conceptual foundations, specifically the identification and selection of talent and TM programme design to explore the challenges and benefits of side-of-desk projects as interventions. Design/methodology/approach Taking an inductive qualitative approach, questionnaires, focus groups and semi-structured interviews gathered data from three employee groups in a UK digital communications organisation. Findings The authors reveal inconsistencies in the definition and selection of talent, highlighting programme quality challenges to expose a direct correlation between participant experience and motivation and retention, along with the longer-term challenges of balancing talented human capital, shareholder expectations and sustainable workforce resourcing. Originality/value The authors' research extends existing knowledge concerning the effect of organisational culture, context and workforce demands upon TM programmes, providing theoretical and practical implications for leaders and policymakers in designing enrichment activities to motivate, develop and retain talent. The authors make recommendations to inform the future design of TM programmes, revealing new opportunities to develop hidden talent and presenting a realistic and sustainable toolkit for future practice in the form of an organisational logic model

Statistical Phylogenetic Tree Analysis Using Differences of Means

We propose a statistical method to test whether two phylogenetic trees with given alignments are significantly incongruent. Our method compares the two distributions of phylogenetic trees given by the input alignments, instead of comparing point estimations of trees. This statistical approach can be applied to gene tree analysis for example, detecting unusual events in genome evolution such as horizontal gene transfer and reshuffling. Our method uses difference of means to compare two distributions of trees, after embedding trees in a vector space. Bootstrapping alignment columns can then be applied to obtain p-values. To compute distances between means, we employ a "kernel trick" which speeds up distance calculations when trees are embedded in a high-dimensional feature space, e.g. splits or quartets feature space. In this pilot study, first we test our statistical method's ability to distinguish between sets of gene trees generated under coalescence models with species trees of varying dissimilarity. We follow our simulation results with applications to various data sets of gophers and lice, grasses and their endophytes, and different fungal genes from the same genome. A companion toolkit, {\tt Phylotree}, is provided to facilitate computational experiments.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure